Bones reveal first shoe

Bones reveal first shoe,[url=http://duveticajacketswomenjp.albirank.net/][b]ダウンジャケットduvetica[/b][/url]
While early humans living in cold northern climates may have begun covering up their feet to insulate them as early as 500,000 years ago, protective footwear comparable to modern-day shoes is thought to be a much later innovation.
It has been difficult for archaeologists to determine exactly when humans stopped going barefoot,[url=http://duveticaonline.halod.com/][b]ダウンジャケットメンズ[/b][/url], however,[url=http://discountduveticajackets.webmium.com/][b]デュベチカ専売店[/b][/url], because the plant and animal materials used to make prehistoric shoes is highly perishable.
"The oldest shoes in the world are about 9,[url=http://duveticacoats.webmium.com/][b]デュベティカダウンジャケット[/b][/url],000 years old, and they're from California," said Professor Trinkaus,[url=http://duveticajacketsmenonsalejp.halod.com/][b]デュベチカ通販[/b][/url], of Washington University in St Louis, US.
But by examining the foot bones of early modern humans (Homo sapiens) and Neanderthals (Homo neanderthalensis) dating from 10,[url=http://duveticajacketsjp.albirank.net/][b]デュベチカ通販[/b][/url],000 to 100,[url=http://duveticajacketsoutletjp.albirank.net/][b]デュベチカ通販[/b][/url],000 years ago, Professor Trinkaus says he has determined the period in which footwear became the norm.
He found Neanderthals and early moderns living in Middle Palaeolithic times (100,000 to 40,000 years ago) had thicker,[url=http://duveticacoats.webmium.com/][b]デュベティカ専売店[/b][/url], and therefore stronger,[url=http://duveticadownjackets.halod.com/][b]ダウンジャケットduvetica[/b][/url], lesser toes than those of Upper Palaeolithic people living 26,000 years ago.
A shoe-less lifestyle promotes stronger little toes,[url=http://duveticajacketsjp.gengfl.com/][b]デュベチカ通販[/b][/url], says Professor Trinkaus,[url=http://duveticajacketsonlinejp.halod.com/][b]ダウンジャケットメンズ[/b][/url], because "when you walk barefoot,[url=http://duveticashop.webmium.com/][b]デュベティカアウトレット[/b][/url], you grip the ground with your toes as a natural reflex". Because hard-soled shoes improve both grip and balance,[url=http://duveticashop.webmium.com/][b]デュベティカ専売店[/b][/url], regularly shod people develop weaker little toes.
To test the theory that the more delicate toes resulted from shoe use, the Washington University researcher compared the foot bones of early Native Americans,[url=http://duveticajacketsjp.gengfl.com/][b]ダウンジャケットduvetica[/b][/url], who regularly went barefoot,[url=http://duveticaonline.halod.com/][b]デュベティカダウンジャケット[/b][/url], and contemporary Alaskan Inuits,[url=http://discount2013duveticajackets.webmium.com/][b]デュベティカダウンジャケット[/b][/url], who sported heavy sealskin boots.
Again,[url=http://duveticajacketsjp.gengfl.com/][b]デュベティカ激安[/b][/url], he identified chunkier toes in the population that routinely went without shoes. The research suggests shoe-wearers developed weaker toes simply because of the reduced stresses on them during their lifetime; it was not an evolutionary change.
The comparison proves his hypothesis, he says: "It has been suggested in the past that thicker toes and fingers are related to greater blood supply in colder climates, but it just doesn't hold up."
The advent of footwear occurred during a period Professor Trinkaus describes as "a well-documented archaeological explosion" which also produced a number of other notable human advances.
Paul Mellars,[url=http://duveticashoponline.webmium.com/][b]デュベチカ通販[/b][/url], professor of prehistory and human evolution at the University of Cambridge,[url=http://duveticatrenchcoat.webmium.com/][b]デュベティカサイズ[/b][/url], UK,[url=http://duveticajacketsjp.albirank.net/][b]デュベティカアウトレット[/b][/url], agrees there were "dramatic changes" in human behaviour at this time. "From 35,000 years ago onward, you see the first art, the first stone tools, and the first personal decorations and jewellery."
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